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Nishikawa Senrei rests in peace


Senrei Nishikawa  is gone, master artist and teacher
On December 6, Senrei Nishikawa passed away. I had not seen her for over a year. She was sick, but apparently in good spirits, spending her time in the mountain home she loved, in northwest Kyoto.
            Her manager Takae Hoshino only informed the world ten days later, enough time to prepare for the non-funeral home-visit. The path next to her house led to a lovely bamboo garden, low benches and even a heater for those waiting to enter a 4 tatami room and view the photo, urn, and sign a mourner’s book. Takae, looking worn and grateful, greeted visitors, who streamed in by twos and threes while I was there. The photo, Senrei looking hopefully in profile, in pastel kimono, and urn-bag embroidered were chosen by Sensei: a director to the end. I lit some incense and thanked her for her art and friendship.
T.T.T. teacher
            I had first met Senrei through Akira. When our last buyo teacher suddenly was unable to teach the Traditional Theatre Training program I organize in Kyoto each summer, he recommended her as someone with both pedagogical thoroughness and international interests. She had studied kyogen briefly with Sennojo, and won the first “young artists” prize for Kyoto City in 1981. In fact she was in Warsaw, Poland at the time, arranging for a future tour. She wanted more details of course, but agreed on the phone to teach. This was June, 2000 I believe.
            What struck me at first about Senrei was her charm and beauty, of course, but also her utter professionalism. She would always greet me formally and politely, making me think it was HER honor to have me over, grateful for the opportunity to teach.
            Our recital that year was at the Kyoto Art Center. She deftly utilized the temporary stage, curtains, and corridors for a lovely concert atmosphere. Two men were given Fuji Musume: one completed the first half; the second stepped up from behind and took over in a “relay dance,” a great solution to the thorny problem of what to do when dancers prove unable to master a full dance by themselves in the middle of lessons.
She was precise with her use of time (using a stopwatch!), and  quick with her judgment: she looked carefully at their c.v.s and heard my explanations of their backgrounds and interests. Then on meeting students for the first time, she would immediately size them up, decide their dance, and was invariably correct. She helped them buy yukata if they wanted them, cooing over how well they matched as if they were her own daughters. From her first tentative classes, she quickly grew into an assured teacher, knowing when to bark, when to bite; when to physically mould a student to the correct form, when to give verbal instructions (regardless of whether they were Japanese/foreigner). When she taught, there was an absolute tension in the room; you knew you were with a master, and she didn’t except compromise. Students loved her, but also loved it when she was absent and they could go over the forms slowly and more gently with her less forceful disciples like Kayorei and Chikagesensei.
She especially prized men in her class, as normally there were so few. Usually she chose female roles for them, and laughed gaily as they grew more willowy and effeminate each day. She seemed to have a very clear idea of the trajectory of the training, learning the forms completely the first week, then spending the rest of the time making sure each role was understood and details expressed.
When I visited, she wouldn’t let me translate for lessons—“even if they don’t understand the words, they understand from my expression.” She didn’t want their concentration on her to be diverted. Yet when I entered, she would take a break, announcing “the program director is here, all bow,” and use the time for questions on administrative matters. Although we had summaries and translations of some of the dances, she didn’t want these handed out the first weeks—“let them just do the movements”—preferring ignorance to be alleviated only at the final stages. Despite anxieties of doing the dance perfectly, no one ever had a problem memorizing the movements themselves. Final week  would rehearse with noh stage in mind,  bowing low to get through the kirido, having the koken on hand, and a few properties. She was training athletes for the big game.
Even in her last year, when she only had strength for 90 minutes, she figured out a schedule that would allow her to train students the first half, then leave her disciples to complete the lesson. Although students were happy to have the release of tension, and it was pedagogically sound, it was clear this would be her last T.T.T., making every lesson a treasure to those who knew. Soon after she announced her withdrawal from T.T.T., and other regular lessons, concentrating on only a few favorite students.
More than other teachers, students continued studying with her, even returning repeatedly to Japan on grants so they could do so. She maintained a practice for them at reasonable rates, along with AKP and Kyoto Center students, performing on a noh stage once a year in a grand recital. She once explained how she had different rates for different groups, from children’s group lessons to ojousan’s without money to private lessons in Osaka—she taught, or had disciples teach, in the 2-story keikoba she had constructed for both lessons and small recitals. I watched in awe the grueling pace of pre-recital lessons of Echigo-jishi, as students were made to repeat and immediately move to next dance, sweat dripping, beneath her watchful eye.
I usually saw her seductive, gentle, and funny side at T.T.T., but discovered her capacity for executive decision when a cassette tape recorder malfunctioned at the beginning of the recital at the Kawamara Noh Stage one year. Two dancers had already begun their entrance to the main stage for Matsu no midori, the curtain was raised, but the recorder wasn’t functioning. I was on standby to begin Aisatsu when it was over, the stage manager Tsuji Noboru gamely trying the machine’s plug again. Senrei barked the orders seemingly simultaneously: “Jonah, find a spare recorder; Tsujisan, fix it!; girls, stay perfectly still, don’t waver, maintain the form” until it was evident the problem wouldn’t be solved quickly. “Back up, slowly, all the way through the curtain, don’t look nervous” she hissed, then lowered the curtain. I went out to make apologies and do opening welcoming remarks, while they found another recorder. I’m sure some in the audience were impressed by the short, perfect opening dance that took place only on the hashigakari!
I had one running feud with Senrei that couldn’t be resolved. On the recital day, students are too nervous and busy with their own pieces to observe others. So it is standard (at amateur recitals of any kind I suppose) to use the dress rehearsal as chance to see colleagues’ performances. But while she herself enjoyed coming earlier to watch the noh and kyogen actors, she forbade her students to do so. The makeup, hair, and kimono that they wore took much time and shouldn’t be disturbed was the superficial reason given, but actually she didn’t want them to be distracted. “But they could learn a lot from watching others!” I argued. “Nothing they could learn would replace what they lost in not concentrating on their own. You don’t learn from other people, good or bad, just from imagining your own dance and quieting your heart. Once they’ve finished their part they can go out and enjoy the rest.” The dressing room for noh and kyogen were boisterous places, smoking, snacks, stories, and ordered chaos as those changing exchanged kimono with those finished. The buyo women sat at their mirrors, calm and coiled, awaiting their rehearsal times or the performance itself. “Program director Jonah has an announcement! Everyone on stage!” she would herd them up for one last time, then quickly herd them back.
A lesser difference of opinion was on the bangai teacher’s special performances. Previous teacher Fujima had always joined the noh and kyogen teachers in performing one felicitous dance to begin or end the program. But Senrei refused absolutely, sending instead her disciples young. “I won’t dance without proper lighting, costumes, wigs—and all my energy would be on my own dance.” Instead, she sat in the audience, still from first to last, murmuring a few comments to herself as she watched the recital. As her disciples completed their dance on the hashigakari, she would physically poke me to stand to deliver my welcoming adresss. “But didn’t I ruin the ma?” “No, you don’t want it to be daradara” she’d reply perkily, not one for wabisabi niceties.
She only relented at her last recital. Her note for the program was, in retrospect, her farewell: she spoke of “hitomawari,” the coming full circle, of teaching at T.T.T. She had announced her 10 minute opening dance to her fans, so for the first and only time, fifty persons waited outside in the rain for the opening doors for the recital; by showtime, the theatre was packed (many left as soon as she’d finished). The dance was starkly beautiful, severe and moving, creating an aura in the building that could be felt by all. A tough act to follow to say the least.
The cast party would take place near the noh theatre. The buyo table was always slightly apart from the others, she sitting as queen bee to other disciples and students. She made sure to comment on each student, and was happy when students from other tables came to chat with her. She drank, but left for home at closing, letting the noh and kyogen habitués of Pontocho and Gion to take care of the second party.
Senrei the artist
I found out the price for her ready agreement the following New Year’s. She wanted to meet to discuss something, so came to Yasaka Shrine after Sambaso to have coffee. A Polish publisher wanted to publish a book of photos designeed by them, could I translate a few articles. No talk of fees was made; it was implicit that she had done me a favor, now it was my time toreciprocate. The difficult essays by Kazuko Tsurumi and among others were eventually published in English in Senrei by Tobiichi.
When T.T.T. was taken over as a shuusai project by the Kyoto art centre, the executives led by Inoue Yachiyo demanded that Kyoto tachers be hired. Since Takayabashi Shinji was an Osaka-affiliated noh actor, he was replaced with Kyoto Kanze actors. Senrei was also on the chopping block, as Nishikawa school is ased in Nagoya and sh was not a member of the artists’ association. But on hearing this possibility, Senrei immediately joined—end of problem!
T.T.T. began Senrei’s international adventures. She taught classes at reasonable prices for foreign students, and went abroad annually (at her own expense) to give lecture-demonstrations and performances: Berkeley, Portland, Paris, Switzerland. She was able to secure funding, and went with a twelve-person team for a 2-person performance, skillfully negotiating with universities and Japan Foundation in Paris for halls, venues for workshops. She flattered me that the lessons of how to teach and appeal to foreigners she learned in T.T.T. were essential for her knowledge of how to perform abroad. At her “evenings of Senrei” she would invite foreigners for free, in return for getting their detailed responses via mail or letter. She sought out my contacts to get a better sense of the artistic context and consciousness of Europeans, then created by that stimulation.
Her performances—Dojoji, Camille Claudel, Ten Cows, Arinomama—were spiritually profound explorations of human existence, sometime precious, but usually sophisticated contemplations that were clearly the work of a master. Her collaborators—biwa and shakuhachi greats, Kanze Hisao and Okura Shonosuke—were not chosen for name-value—she bridled when I suggested this during interview once—but because she was sure they could provide proper performance with minimum rehearsal. “If you entrust a professional, you don’t have to worry about quality.” She would not hesitate to make herself ugly, as in Claudel, or to refine the dance to a few movements within great stillness. At the talkback for Ten Cows she admitted she had only reached No. 7 or 8, not clear what the future might bring. Yet except for these demonstrations and lectures, she always charged top price, 5-7000 for her recitals, even for initial offerings, finding that rising to the expectations of spectators was important to produce good works.
When I attempted a joint interview with her and Heidi for the Kyoto Journal, it was a disaster. Clearly Senrei was a singular flower who needed her own vase. The photo-shoot was redone, with some wonderful umbrella outdoors shots, and the interview concentrated on her own work and outlook. My favorite quote, “I never look at videos of past performances; it’s so boring, like meeting an old lover.”
Although of course I am biased, I was grateful that she came to every Noho show, without fail, and even sat through a long and sometimes awkward workshop production of Lady Macbeth. She didn’t like what she saw always, but had kind words for me about something, and was always curious at what seemed to please the audience. She even came to Noho’s 30th with a gift.
When acquaintances get over the initial shock of her passing, they immediately ask, “how old was she?” and I cannot answer. I still don’t know if she was 58 or 68. And I don’t think she got older in the twelve years I knew her. She was timeless, and precious, mixing innocence and curiosity of a child with the sharp eye of a connoisseur, a philosopher, and a creator. She sits on the pedestal of my heart next to Sennojo, a genuine innovator and provocateur.

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